Science – Page 40

Decoding Quantum Learning: A New Metric for Smarter Algorithms

09.12.2025 by pricpr

The comparative trends in mutual information-specifically, $H(A|S)$-across shallow, default, and deep-BP configurations demonstrate how architectural depth modulates policy complexity and its capacity to represent state-dependent actions.

Researchers have developed a novel method to evaluate how effectively quantum algorithms learn, paving the way for more efficient reinforcement learning systems.

The Dark Universe in Dialogue: How Interactions Shape Cosmic Expansion

09.12.2025 by pricpr

$The study analyzes interacting dark energy scenarios, revealing that constraints on dark energy’s equation of state ($w_{de}$) and dark matter’s ($w_{dm}$) depend heavily on the chosen interaction coupling ($\beta$) and, through calculations of ΔAIC and ΔDIC, suggests that while evidence for interaction exists, it remains within the range of weak to positive support when compared to the standard flat ΛCDM model.$

New research explores how the interplay between dark matter and dark energy influences the observed acceleration of the universe.

From Quantum Blur to Classical Certainty

09.12.2025 by pricpr

$The study demonstrates that semiclassical chaos emerges from the interplay between bounded Poincaré sections-defined by total energy and the Uncertainty Principle-and transitions between quantum and classical regimes, evidenced by the convergence of dynamical limits to the classical case as $I$ approaches zero, all validated through numerical precision reaching $10^{-80}$.$

A new analysis reveals how quantum systems transition to predictable classical behavior as quantum effects fade.

Taming Light-Matter Interactions: A New Path to Quantum Material Simulation

08.12.2025 by pricpr

$For a GaAs quantum ring, a study of the ground-state density difference reveals that while methods employing both the Martin-Fan equation and Dyson self-energy (M+DSE) and a low-order approximation ($NRQED_{low}$) perform comparably-deviating by only $10^{-5}$ at couplings of $\lambda_{x} = 0.05$ and $\lambda_{y} = 0.01$-the averaged approximation ($NRQED_{ave}$) consistently demonstrates superior accuracy across a broader spectrum of light-matter coupling strengths.$

Researchers have developed a computationally efficient method for modeling the complex interplay between light and matter, opening doors to understanding and designing novel quantum materials.

The Shifting Landscape of Optimization: How Evolution Mimics Phase Transitions

08.12.2025 by pricpr

Evolutionary optimization converges toward stable solutions in a manner analogous to a liquid transitioning into a solid state.

A new framework, Wasserstein Evolution, draws parallels between evolutionary algorithms and the physics of phase transitions to achieve more robust and diverse optimization.

Beyond Markov: Tracking Quantum Memory

08.12.2025 by pricpr

A new framework details how to analyze continuous measurements on quantum systems that retain memory of their past interactions.

Turning Magnetism Inside Out: Engineering Quantum Spin Liquids with Light

08.12.2025 by pricpr

$The study demonstrates that quantum correlations within antiferromagnetic states can be manipulated, evidenced by the squeezing of transverse ferromagnetic correlations, the anti-squeezing of transverse antiferromagnetic correlations, and the partial suppression of longitudinal antiferromagnetic correlations-all quantified through the analysis of spin structure factors and expressed via joint spin operators such as $S\_{\alpha}^{\pm}=S\_{\alpha}^{A}\pm S\_{\alpha}^{B}$-within the $J_1$-$J_2$ Ising model on both square and triangular lattices.$

New research shows how strong interactions between light and matter can manipulate magnetic materials, potentially unlocking exotic quantum states of matter.

Simulating the Quark-Gluon Plasma on Quantum Computers

08.12.2025 by pricpr

$The study demonstrates that introducing a heavy quark into a lattice system induces measurable shifts in charge distribution and energy levels, converging towards a stable, infinite-volume gap consistent with the expected behavior of a single heavy meson-a phenomenon confirmed by the exponential decay of quark-antiquark correlations and the localized support of the heavy-quark wavefunction, as evidenced by the $ \cal M\_2/L$ density analysis.$

Researchers have developed a new framework to model the energy loss and hadronization of heavy quarks using near-term quantum devices.

Beyond Qubits: Mapping the Landscape of Bosonic Quantum Advantage

08.12.2025 by pricpr

$The study establishes a correspondence between continuous and discrete phase space representations, demonstrating how spherical representations of bosonic states-where coherent and Fock states define antipodal points on a sphere-can be linked to computational phase spaces constructed from generalized Pauli operators, effectively bridging the gap between continuous variable and qudit systems through a geometric framework defined by the choice of a reference orientation and a planar limit defined as $ \theta\ll 1$.$

A new framework clarifies how to systematically understand and connect quantum resources in bosonic systems, paving the way for more powerful quantum technologies.

Sensing Beyond Limits: Quantum Control for Atomic Magnetometers

08.12.2025 by pricpr

New research demonstrates a real-time quantum control strategy enabling atomic magnetometers to achieve quantum-limited sensitivity and track weak, fluctuating fields with unprecedented precision.