Why Hot Water Can Freeze Faster: A Quantum Explanation
![The study demonstrates that an N-level system exhibits the Mpemba effect with a quantifiable probability, achieved through random assignment of transition rates (ranging from 0.05 to 1) and energies, and assessed via convergence testing requiring less than 0.5% variation when doubling the tested case count-a phenomenon influenced by the proportion of triplets satisfying [latex]Eq. (3)[/latex].](https://arxiv.org/html/2603.04567v1/2603.04567v1/x2.png)
New research pinpoints the specific conditions under which the counterintuitive Mpemba effect-where warmer water freezes before cooler water-can occur in quantum systems.
![The study demonstrates that an N-level system exhibits the Mpemba effect with a quantifiable probability, achieved through random assignment of transition rates (ranging from 0.05 to 1) and energies, and assessed via convergence testing requiring less than 0.5% variation when doubling the tested case count-a phenomenon influenced by the proportion of triplets satisfying [latex]Eq. (3)[/latex].](https://arxiv.org/html/2603.04567v1/2603.04567v1/x2.png)
New research pinpoints the specific conditions under which the counterintuitive Mpemba effect-where warmer water freezes before cooler water-can occur in quantum systems.

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