The Ever-Evolving Challenge of Mathematical Proof
Researchers have created a benchmark that automatically generates new, research-level math problems, pushing the limits of artificial intelligence’s reasoning abilities.
Science
Beyond Einstein: Modeling Hybrid Stars with Exotic Gravity
![The plotted relationship between [latex]\rho_{\mathbf{q}}[/latex] and [latex]p_{\mathbf{q}}[/latex] as a function of [latex]r[/latex] demonstrates how even the most meticulously constructed theoretical frameworks are ultimately subject to the limitations imposed by the inescapable pull of the unknown, mirroring the inherent fragility of knowledge itself.](https://arxiv.org/html/2601.00929v1/x12.png)
New research proposes a novel approach to understanding the ultra-dense matter within hybrid stars by extending gravitational theory beyond general relativity.
Beyond Spacetime: Reimagining Quantum Gravity
A new perspective on unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity suggests focusing on the fundamental events within spacetime, rather than spacetime itself.
Unlocking the Strong Force: Insights from the Large Hadron Collider
![In July 2025, the Large Hadron Collider achieved a world-first by successfully colliding protons with oxygen nuclei, marking a new frontier in high-energy physics research through the [latex] pO [/latex] displays and opening avenues to explore the strong force under extreme conditions.](https://arxiv.org/html/2601.01217v1/ALICE_event_display-2025-proton-Oxygen_0.png)
Recent experiments at the LHC are pushing the boundaries of our understanding of Quantum Chromodynamics, revealing new details about the fundamental force governing the structure of matter.
Beyond Magnetism: The Rise of Spin Supersolids
![The quantum phase diagram of the spin-1 XXZ Heisenberg model-relevant to Na₂BaNi(PO₄)₂-reveals distinct phases-nematic supersolid, up-up-down, ferroquadrupolar, and fully polarized-determined through DMRG calculations on a 24x6 lattice with bond dimensions up to 1400, achieving truncation errors of approximately [latex]10^{-6}[/latex], and finite-size effects manifesting as stripe-like ordering are understood as transient and not representative of the thermodynamic limit.](https://arxiv.org/html/2601.01890v1/x3.png)
A new state of matter is emerging in frustrated quantum materials, exhibiting both magnetic order and superfluid-like properties.
Skyrmions Tune the Spin Wave Symphony
![Magnon excitations in frustrated magnets exhibit a complex, Mexican hat-like dispersion-distinct from their chiral counterparts-and are closely matched to the size of localized skyrmions, suggesting a strong interplay between these magnetic phenomena and a unique dynamic around these topological textures, as evidenced by calculations performed with parameters [latex]J_1 = 1[/latex], [latex]J_2 = 0.5[/latex], [latex]h = 0.225/S[/latex], and [latex]K = 0.15[/latex].](https://arxiv.org/html/2601.00363v1/1_Panel_A.png)
New research reveals how localized magnetic swirls called skyrmions dramatically alter the behavior of spin waves in frustrated magnets, creating exotic states with potential for novel magnonic devices.
Beyond Hermiticity: Engineering Magnon Dynamics for Spintronic Innovation
This review explores the exciting potential of non-Hermitian physics in manipulating magnons, opening doors to advanced spintronic devices and functionalities.
The Search for Neutrino Mass: A Precision Experiment
The KATRIN experiment is pushing the boundaries of precision measurement to determine the absolute mass of the elusive neutrino.
Unveiling Phase Transitions with Holographic Entanglement
New research leverages the power of entanglement measures to diagnose critical behavior in a complex theoretical framework linking gravity and quantum mechanics.
The Unraveling of Cause and Effect
A new look at the foundations of physics suggests causality isn’t a universal law, but a consequence of the universe’s structure and its march toward disorder.